1A · Getting to Know You 认识你
★学习目标 Goals
- Introduce yourself 自我介绍、分享个人信息
- Ask about a job 询问对方是做什么工作的
1关键单词 Vocabulary
- first name 名
- last name 姓
- hometown 家乡
- city 城市
- phone number 电话号码
- email address 电子邮箱
- job 工作
- languages 语言
- friend(s) 朋友
- (be) interested in 对…感兴趣
2关键句子 Sentences
Mariana: Hi. My name is Mariana. I'm in apartment 201.
Danny: Hi, Mariana. I'm Danny. I'm in 302. It's nice to meet you.
Mariana: Nice to meet you, too.
Danny: So, are you a student, Mariana?
Mariana: Yeah, I study music at NYU.
Danny: What do you do, Mariana?
Mariana: I'm a student at Hunter College. I also work in an art gallery.
3语法 Grammar · 一般现在时 Simple Present
| 类型 | 问句 | 答句 |
|---|---|---|
| be 动词 一般疑问 | Are you a student? Is he a student? | Yes, I am. / No, I'm not. Yes, he is. / No, he's not. |
| 实义动词 一般疑问 | Do you speak English? Does she speak English? | Yes, I do. / No, I don't. Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. |
| 特殊疑问 (Wh-) | What do you do? What does she do? | I'm a student. She's a doctor. |
提示：第三人称单数(he/she/it)用 does + 动词原形；be 动词随人称变化 am/is/are。
1B · Appearance 外貌
★学习目标 Goals
- Describe appearance 描述一个人的外貌
- Describe yourself 描述自己
1关键单词 Vocabulary
- young / old 年轻 / 年老
- in your teens / twenties 十几岁 / 二十几岁
- thin / average weight / heavy 瘦 / 中等体重 / 偏重
- short / average height / tall 矮 / 中等身高 / 高
- brown / blue / green eyes 棕 / 蓝 / 绿眼睛
- long ↔ short hair 长 ↔ 短发
- straight ↔ curly hair 直 ↔ 卷发
- black / brown / blond / red hair 黑 / 棕 / 金 / 红发
- look like 看起来像（外貌相似）
- good-looking / handsome / pretty 好看 / 英俊 / 漂亮
- petite 娇小
- beard / mustache / glasses 胡须 / 髭 / 眼镜
- a nice smile / a friendly face 甜美的微笑 / 友善的脸
- in great shape 身材很好
词序规则：long (尺寸) + blond (颜色) + hair，如 long blond hair。
2关键句子 Sentences
A: Is he in his thirties?
B: No, I think he's in his thirties. / Is it a woman?
A: No, it's a man.
B: Does he have long hair? / Is he a soccer player? / Is he tall?
3语法 Grammar · 描述外貌
| 主语 | Be / Have | 形容词 / 名词 |
|---|---|---|
| He | is | tall. |
| He | is | average height / weight. |
| He | is | young / in his teens. |
| He | has | blue eyes. |
| He | has | long / straight / black hair. |
结构：be + 形容词（身高/体重/年龄）；have + 名词（眼睛/头发）。
2A · What Are You Doing? 你在做什么？
★学习目标 Goals
- Greet & ask how they are 问候并询问对方近况
- Actions now / these days 谈论此刻或近期正在做的事
1关键单词 Vocabulary · 动词
- laugh 笑
- smile 微笑
- wave 挥手
- shout 喊叫
- run 跑
- watch 观看
- look 看
- start / stop 开始 / 停止
- wear 穿着
- throw 扔、抛
2关键句子 Sentences
Tomás: Hey, Carla. How's it going?
Carla: OK. How are you doing?
Tomás: So-so. What's up?
Carla: Oh, I'm studying for a big test.
Tomás: Another test? You're working really hard these days.
缩写：How is it going? → How's it going? · I am studying → I'm studying. · Let us → Let's
3语法 Grammar · 现在进行时 Present Continuous
| 肯定 / 否定 | 一般疑问 | 回答 |
|---|---|---|
| I'm / You're / She's / They're (not) studying for a test. | Are you studying? | Yes, I am. / No, I'm not. |
| I'm / You're / She's / They're (not) working hard these days. | Is she studying? | Yes, she is. / No, she's not. |
特殊疑问：What are you studying? · Where is she studying? · Why are they studying?
2B · How Do You Feel? 你感觉怎么样？
★学习目标 Goals
- Explain how you feel 说明自己的感受
- Things you are afraid of 谈论害怕的事物
1关键单词 Vocabulary · 感受
- happy 开心
- sad 难过
- excited 兴奋
- bored 无聊
- tired 累
- afraid 害怕
- nervous 紧张
- worried 担心
- angry 生气
- relaxed 放松
常用安慰/鼓励表达：Good luck!（祝好运）· I'm so sorry!（很抱歉）· Calm down, please!（请冷静）· Hang in there.（坚持住）
2关键句子 Sentences
A: Why are you afraid of it?
B: I can't swim well.
3语法 Grammar · 主格与宾格代词
| 主格 Subject | 宾格 Object | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| I | me | I don't like spiders. / Spiders scare me. |
| you | you | Spiders scare you. |
| he / she | him / her | Spiders scare him / her. |
| we | us | Spiders scare us. |
| they | them | Spiders scare them. |
| it | it | I'm afraid of it. |
规则：宾格代词位于动词之后（如 scare me / afraid of it）。
3A · Food 食物
★学习目标 Goals
- Identify common foods 识别常见食物
- Talk about things I need 谈论我需要的东西
1关键单词 Vocabulary
- bread 面包
- rice 米饭
- coffee 咖啡
- sugar 糖
- tomato 番茄
- apple 苹果
- carrot 胡萝卜
- egg 鸡蛋
- pasta 意面
- soda 汽水
- water 水
- candy 糖果
- cereal 麦片
- potato 土豆
2关键句子 Sentences
A: I'm making corn and tomato soup. I need some tomatoes.
B: Sorry, I don't have tomatoes. Do you need anything else?
A: I also need garlic.
B: Oh, I have garlic. Here you go.
3语法 Grammar · 可数与不可数名词 Count & Noncount Nouns
| 类型 Type | 例子 Examples | 用法说明 Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 可数名词 Count | a tomato, an apple, two carrots, three eggs | 可接 a / an；可接数字；有单数与复数 |
| 不可数名词 Noncount | bread, rice, coffee, sugar, water | 永远是单数；不能加 a / an；不能直接加数字 |
不可数名词要用量词，如 "a glass of water"（一杯水）。提问数量：可数用 How many，不可数用 How much。
3B · Let's Go Shopping! 我们去购物吧
★学习目标 Goals
- Describe shopping habits 描述购物习惯
- Discuss different places to shop and what they sell 讨论不同的购物地点及售卖的商品
1关键单词 Vocabulary
- buy 买
- pay 付款
- sell 卖
- try on 试穿
- go shopping 去购物
- return 退货
- spend 花费
- refund 退款
- credit card 信用卡
- cash 现金
- jewelry 珠宝
- clothing 服装
2关键句子 Sentences
A: Do you try on shoes before you buy them?
B: Yes, I do. I don't want to go back to the store.
3语法 Grammar · 数量词 Quantifiers (some / any / a lot of / many / much)
| 可数名词 Count Nouns | 不可数名词 Noncount Nouns | |
|---|---|---|
| 肯定句 Affirmative | Yes, I have some friends. / a lot of / many friends. | Yes, I have some money. / a lot of money. |
| 否定句 Negative | No, I don't have any friends. | No, I don't have any money. |
| 疑问句 Question | Do you have any friends? | Do you have any money? |
many 配可数，much 配不可数；some 用于肯定句，any 用于否定句与疑问句；a lot of 两者皆可。homework, furniture, jewelry, money 通常不可数。
4A · How's the Weather? 天气怎么样
★学习目标 Goals
- Talk about the weather 谈论天气
- Give and respond to advice 给出并回应建议
1关键单词 Vocabulary
- sunny 晴朗的
- cloudy 多云的
- windy 有风的
- raining 下雨的
- snowing 下雪的
- hot 炎热的
- warm 温暖的
- cool 凉爽的
- chilly 微冷的
- cold 寒冷的
- freezing 严寒的
- comfortable 舒适的
2关键句子 Sentences
Rosa: You know, it's warm at the beach, but in the mountains, it can be cool.
Nick: Really?
Rosa: Yeah, so you should take a sweater or a jacket.
Nick: Good idea. Anything else?
Rosa: It rains sometimes, so you should also take a raincoat.
3语法 Grammar · 天气表达 Weather (it's + adjective / it's raining)
| 句型 Pattern | 例子 Example |
|---|---|
| it's + 形容词 | It's hot. / It's cold. / It's sunny. / It's chilly. |
| it's + 动词-ing（天气） | It's raining. / It's snowing. / It's windy. |
| 提问天气 | How's the weather (in Tokyo)? |
| 温度 | It's 23 degrees. / It's freezing. |
| 连接词 | It's sunny but cool. / It rains, so take a jacket. / June or July. |
用 it 指代天气，没有具体主语；描述天气用 "it's + 形容词" 或 "it's + 动词-ing"（rain/snow/wind 等）。注意 but / or / so 前常加逗号。
4B · Taking a Trip 去旅行
★学习目标 Goals
- Say who owns something 说明某物归谁所有
- Plan for a trip 为旅行做计划
1关键单词 Vocabulary
- suitcase 行李箱
- pack 收拾行李
- go sightseeing 去观光
- take photos 拍照
- buy a ticket 买票
- take a trip 去旅行
- passport 护照
- backpack 背包
- seat 座位
- sunscreen 防晒霜
- clothes 衣服
- umbrella 雨伞
2关键句子 Sentences
A: Excuse me, whose backpack is this? This blue one — is it yours?
B: No, it's not mine.
C: Oh, it belongs to me.
3语法 Grammar · 所有格 's 与名词性物主代词 Possessive 's & Pronouns (whose)
| 形容词性物主代词 Possessive Adjective | 提问 Whose | 名词性物主代词 Possessive Pronoun |
|---|---|---|
| My passport is green. | Whose passport is this? | It's mine. |
| Your passport is green. | Whose passport is this? | It's yours. |
| Her passport is green. | Whose passport is this? | It's hers. |
| His passport is green. | Whose passport is this? | It's his. |
| Our tickets are free. | Whose tickets are these? | They're ours. |
| Their tickets are free. | Whose tickets are these? | They're theirs. |
形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her/its/our/their)后必须接名词；名词性物主代词(mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirs)单独使用、不接名词。whose 用来提问归属。人名后加 's 表所有，如 Sofia's apartment。
5A · Interesting People 有趣的人
★学习目标 Goals
- Talk about interesting people 谈论有趣的人
- Agree or disagree with an opinion 同意或不同意一个观点
1关键单词 Vocabulary
- mathematician 数学家
- scientist 科学家
- climber 登山者
- author 作家
- pioneer 先驱
- inspire 激励
- famous 著名的
- astronaut 宇航员
- space program 太空计划
- leader 领袖
- entertainer 艺人
- reach the top 登顶
2关键句子 Sentences
A: Who is your favorite interesting person from the past?
B: I like Katherine Johnson. She was a mathematician for NASA.
A: Yes, she was amazing. I agree with you!
B: Do you think Junko Tabei was interesting, too?
A: No, I do not agree. I prefer scientists.
3语法 Grammar · 一般过去时 be 动词 The Simple Past with Be
| 句型 | 形式 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 肯定 | I / He / She + was | I was a student. |
| 否定 | I / He / She + wasn't | She wasn't a teacher. |
| 肯定 | We / You / They + were | They were scientists. |
| 否定 | We / You / They + weren't | We weren't ready. |
| Yes/No 问 | Was + I / he / she ...? | Was she a mathematician? |
| Yes/No 问 | Were + you / they ...? | Were they famous? |
| Wh- 问 | When + was / were + 主语? | When was he in Antarctica? |
过去式 be：am/is → was；are → were。否定加 not：was not = wasn't，were not = weren't。
5B · A Helping Hand 伸出援手
★学习目标 Goals
- Narrate a story 讲述一个故事
- Describe a kind person 描述一个善良的人
1关键单词 Vocabulary
- kind 善良的
- friendly 友好的
- helpful 乐于助人的
- warm 温暖的
- caring 关心他人的
- generous 慷慨的
- selfish 自私的
- strangers 陌生人
- together 一起
- admire 钦佩
- nurse 护士
- teacher 老师
2关键句子 Sentences
A: I want to nominate Amanda for the Hero of the Year Award.
B: Why? What did she do?
A: A month ago, there was a car fire. She pulled a little boy from the car and saved his life.
B: Wow, she was very brave! I agree with you.
3语法 Grammar · 一般过去时 肯定与否定句 The Simple Past: Affirmative and Negative Statements
| 主语 | 肯定（规则动词 + -ed） | 否定（didn't + 原形） |
|---|---|---|
| I / You / He / She / We / They | visited / started | didn't visit / didn't start |
规则动词加 -ed：move→moved，like→liked，study→studied，stop→stopped。否定用 didn't + 动词原形，原形不变。
6A · Memory 记忆
★学习目标 Goals
- Talk about important memories 谈论重要的记忆
- Express degrees of certainty 表达确定程度
1关键单词 Vocabulary
- remember 记住
- forget 忘记
- recognize 认出
- memory 记忆/记忆力
- have a good memory 记性好
- have a bad memory 记性差
- easy to remember 容易记住
- hard to remember 难以记住
- flashcard 单词卡
- word web 词汇网
- study tip 学习技巧
- concert 音乐会
2关键句子 Sentences
Mia: I'm so excited! Are you ready to go to the concert?
Justin: Um ... just a minute. I can't find my phone, and the tickets are on it.
Mia: Maybe you forgot it at school today.
Justin: Maybe, I'm not sure.
3语法 Grammar · 一般过去时 不规则动词 The Simple Past: Affirmative and Negative Statements (Irregular Verbs)
| 主语 | 肯定（过去式） | 否定（didn't + 原形） |
|---|---|---|
| I / You / He / She / We / They | found / went / ate | didn't find / didn't go / didn't eat |
不规则动词过去式需记忆（eat→ate, go→went, buy→bought）。否定一律用 didn't + 动词原形，原形不变。
6B · Sleep 睡眠
★学习目标 Goals
- Describe sleep habits 描述睡眠习惯
- Ask and answer questions about a past experience 询问并回答关于过去经历的问题
1关键单词 Vocabulary
- sleep 睡觉
- wake up 醒来
- fall asleep 入睡
- stay awake 保持清醒
- stay up 熬夜
- take a nap 小睡
- sleep in 睡懒觉
- energy 精力
- energetic 精力充沛的
- go to bed 上床睡觉
- dream 做梦
- a waste of time 浪费时间
2关键句子 Sentences
A: Did you go out last night?
B: No, I didn't. I stayed home and watched a movie.
A: What did you watch?
B: An old zombie movie. Did you like it?
A: Yes, I did, but later I had a bad dream.
3语法 Grammar · 一般过去时 一般疑问句与特殊疑问句 The Simple Past: Yes/No and Wh- Questions
| 类型 | 结构 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| Yes/No 问 | Did + 主语 + 动词原形? | Did you go out? |
| 肯定简答 | Yes, 主语 + did. | Yes, I did. |
| 否定简答 | No, 主语 + didn't. | No, I didn't. |
| Wh- 问 | Wh- + did + 主语 + 动词原形? | When did you wake up? |
一般过去时疑问句用 Did 开头，后面动词必须用原形。Wh- 问句把疑问词放在 Did 前。
7A · Places in the Neighborhood 邻里地点与方位
★学习目标 Goals
- Talk about places in a neighborhood 谈论邻里地点
- Explain location 说明方位 / 位置
1关键单词 Vocabulary
- at 在（某建筑 / 地址）
- on 在（楼层 / 街道）
- in 在（房间 / 内部）
- neighborhood 邻里 / 街区
- apartment building 公寓楼
- hair salon 美发沙龙
- library 图书馆
- gas station 加油站
- bank 银行
- corner 角落
- the middle of the block 街区中间
- across from 在……对面
- next to 在……旁边
- between 在……之间
2关键句子 Sentences
A: Where are you?
B: I'm at school. I'm on the second floor, in my classroom.
3语法 Grammar · 方位介词 At, On, In
| Preposition | Use | Example |
|---|---|---|
| at | building / address | at school, at 30 First Avenue, at the mall |
| on | floor / street | on the second floor, on First Avenue, on the corner |
| in | room / inside | in my classroom, in the kitchen, in the middle of the block |
记忆：at=点（建筑 / 地址），on=面 / 线（楼层、街道），in=内部空间（房间）。
7B · In the City 城市与交通
★学习目标 Goals
- Talk about city traffic 谈论城市交通
- Explain how to get around a city 说明如何在城市出行
1关键单词 Vocabulary
- traffic 交通
- rush hour 高峰时段
- heavy 拥堵的 / 严重的
- light 顺畅的
- pollute 污染（动词）
- polluted 被污染的（形容词）
- pollution 污染（名词）
- transportation 交通系统
- subway 地铁
- stuck in traffic 堵车
- crowded 拥挤的
- convenient 方便的
- delays 延误
- system 系统
2关键句子 Sentences
A: How many cars are there?
B: There are a lot.
3语法 Grammar · How many / How much 提问数量
| Question | Plural count nouns | Noncount nouns |
|---|---|---|
| Ask | How many cars are there? | How much pollution is there? |
| Affirmative | There are a lot / many / some / a few. | There is a lot / some / a little. |
| Negative | There aren't many / any. | There isn't much / any. |
How many + 可数复数 + are；How much + 不可数 + is。people 视为复数，用 many。
8A · Sports and Invitations 运动与邀请
★学习目标 Goals
- Talk about different sports 谈论不同运动
- Invite others to do something 邀请他人做某事
1关键单词 Vocabulary
- baseball 棒球
- basketball 篮球
- soccer 足球
- running 跑步
- biking 骑自行车
- swimming 游泳
- surfing 冲浪
- skateboarding 滑板
- tennis 网球
- go biking 去骑自行车
- play basketball 打篮球
- invite 邀请
- sounds good 听起来不错
- would like to 想要（较正式）
2关键句子 Sentences
Ines: Hey, Gina. I'm going biking with some friends. Do you want to come?
Gina: Thanks, but I can't. I need to study.
3语法 Grammar · 动词 + 不定式 / 名词
| Pattern | Example |
|---|---|
| Verb + infinitive (to + verb) | I need to study. / She wants to meet her friends. |
| Verb + noun | I need help. / She wants a new bike. |
| like / love + -ing | They like going biking. / They like biking. |
常见动词：forget, hate, learn, like, love, need, decide, plan, prepare, want。to 为不定式符号，书面不写 wanna。
8B · Personality 性格描述
★学习目标 Goals
- Describe my personality 描述我的性格
- Talk about how often I do something 谈论我做某事的频率
1关键单词 Vocabulary
- neat 整洁的
- messy 凌乱的
- ambitious 有抱负的
- careful 仔细的 / 小心的
- careless 粗心的
- shy 害羞的
- talkative 健谈的
- easy-going 随和的
- hardworking 勤奋的
- organized 有条理的
- friendly 友好的
- energetic 精力充沛的
- creative 有创造力的
- passionate 充满热情的
2关键句子 Sentences
A: How often do you clean your room?
B: I clean it once a week.
3语法 Grammar · How often 提问频率
| Frequency expression | Example |
|---|---|
| every day / week / month | I clean my room every day. |
| once / twice / three times a week | I clean it once a week. |
| all the time / once in a while | We go out all the time. |
| hardly ever | I hardly ever clean my room. |
| never | I never clean my room. |
How often 问频率；both 表示"两者都"，放 be 后或动词前。very / really 加强，kind of / a little 减弱。
9A · Personal Habits 个人习惯与请求
★学习目标 Goals
- Talk about personal habits 谈论个人习惯
- Make and respond to requests 提出并回应请求
1关键单词 Vocabulary
- habit 习惯
- break a habit 改掉习惯
- personal habit 个人习惯
- advice 建议
- request 请求
- relax 放松
- save money 存钱
- eat less sugar 少吃糖
- get a better job 找份更好的工作
- retire 退休
- reuse 重复使用
- recycle 回收
2关键句子 Sentences
A: I like to eat dessert with every meal, but I’d like to eat less sugar.
B: Can you give me some advice?
A: You can easily make a change—reuse a bottle and recycle plastic.
3语法 Grammar · like to 与 would like to 的区别
| 结构 | 含义 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| like to + 动词原形 | 习惯 / 经常喜欢做的事 | I like to relax on the weekend. |
| would like to + 动词原形 | 愿望 / 将来想做的事（= want to） | I’d like to find a job overseas. |
| don’t / doesn’t like to + 动词原形 | 不喜欢（习惯）做某事 | I don’t like to eat breakfast. |
| wouldn’t like to + 动词原形 | 不想要 / 不愿做某事 | We wouldn’t like to visit again. |
like to 谈“习惯”；would like to（缩写 ’d like to）谈“愿望”。would like to 后接动词原形，不表示过去。
9B · Breaking the Plastic Habit 打破塑料习惯
★学习目标 Goals
- Talk about future plans and goals 谈论未来的计划与目标
- Explain a problem and how to fix it 解释问题并说明如何解决
1关键单词 Vocabulary
- be going to 打算 / 将要
- future plan 未来计划
- goal 目标
- plastic bottle 塑料瓶
- reusable bottle 可重复使用的水瓶
- single-use plastic 一次性塑料
- ban 禁止
- recycle 回收
- pollute 污染
- trash 垃圾
- ocean 海洋
- change a habit 改变一个习惯
2关键句子 Sentences
A: I’m not going to buy snacks in plastic bags.
B: Are you going to stop eating snacks?
A: No, I’m going to make my own. Then I don’t need a plastic bag.
3语法 Grammar · be going to 表示将来
| 主语 | be going to + 动词原形 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| I | am (not) going to | I am going to buy a reusable bottle. |
| You / We / They | are (not) going to | We are not going to use plastic straws. |
| He / She | is (not) going to | She is going to recycle more. |
一般疑问句：Are you going to buy a new bottle? 答：Yes, I am. / No, I’m not. 特殊疑问：What are you going to buy? When are you going to do it?
10A · Health Problems 健康问题
★学习目标 Goals
- Talk about health problems 谈论健康问题
- Explain how to stay healthy 说明如何保持健康
1关键单词 Vocabulary
- head 头
- stomach 胃 / 肚子
- back 背
- throat 喉咙
- fever 发烧
- headache 头痛
- backache 背痛
- sore throat 嗓子痛
- hurt 疼痛
- don’t feel well 感觉不舒服
- rest 休息
- aspirin 阿司匹林
2关键句子 Sentences
Jon: Hi, Mia. Where are you?
Mia: I’m at home. I don’t feel well.
Jon: What’s wrong?
Mia: I have a fever, and my throat hurts.
Jon: Sorry to hear that. Get some rest.
3语法 Grammar · 祈使句 Imperatives
| 类型 | 结构 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 肯定祈使句 | 动词原形（+ 宾语 / 副词） | Stay calm. / Wash your hands often. |
| 否定祈使句 | Don’t + 动词原形 | Don’t panic. / Don’t eat too much junk food. |
祈使句用来表示请求、命令或建议，主语 you 省略。给出健康建议时常用肯定或否定祈使句。
10B · Stress 压力
★学习目标 Goals
- Describe stress and its causes 描述压力及其成因
- Talk about how to have less stress 谈论如何减少压力
1关键单词 Vocabulary
- stress 压力
- good stress 良性压力
- bad stress 不良压力
- anxiety 焦虑
- energy 精力
- focus 集中注意力
- relax 放松
- tense 紧张的 / 紧绷的
- cause 引起
- reduce stress 减轻压力
- breathing 呼吸
- muscle 肌肉
2关键句子 Sentences
A: When I feel stressed, I go outside and exercise.
B: That’s a good idea. When I can’t sleep, I drink tea.
3语法 Grammar · when 时间状语从句
| 位置 | 结构 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| when 从句在句首 | When(ever) + 主语 + 动词, + 主句 | When I drink coffee, I can’t sleep. |
| when 从句在句末 | 主句 + when(ever) + 主语 + 动词 | I can’t sleep when(ever) I drink coffee. |
when(ever) 引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时 / 每当”。主句和从句都用一般现在时，谈论习惯或事实。
11A · What Are You Good At? 你擅长什么？
★学习目标 Goals
- Talk about past and present abilities 谈论过去和现在的能力
- Give and respond to compliments 给予和回应赞美
1关键单词 Vocabulary
- ability 能力
- good at 擅长
- practice 练习
- special 特别的
- succeed 成功
- success 成功
- successful 成功的
- talent 天赋
- talented 有天赋的
- genius 天才
- cook 烹饪
- play an instrument 演奏乐器
- do magic tricks 变魔术
2关键句子 Sentences
A: What's something you're good at?
B: I can play the guitar. I practiced every day for six months. At first, I couldn't do it at all.
A: That's amazing! How did you learn to do that?
3语法 Grammar · Can/Could 表达能力 Can and Could for Ability
| 功能 | 结构 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 现在能力 | Subject + can / can't + 动词原形 | I can cook well. |
| 过去能力 | Subject + could / couldn't + 动词原形 | He could ride a bike at 16. |
| 一般疑问句 | Can / Could + 主语 + 动词原形? | Can you cook well? |
| 简答 | Yes, 主 + can/could. / No, 主 + can't/couldn't. | Yes, I can. / No, I couldn't. |
can 表示现在的能力，could 表示过去的能力；后面一律接动词原形。否定用 can't / couldn't。
11B · Taking Risks 冒险与理由
★学习目标 Goals
- Talk about taking risks 谈论冒险
- Give reasons and explain results 给出原因并解释结果
1关键单词 Vocabulary
- brave 勇敢的
- afraid 害怕的
- curious 好奇的
- dangerous 危险的
- safe 安全的
- difficult 困难的
- easy 容易的
- take a chance 冒险尝试
- risk-taker 冒险者
- succeed 成功
- fail 失败
- mistake 错误
brave ↔ afraid · dangerous ↔ safe · difficult ↔ easy（互为反义）
2关键句子 Sentences
A: Why are you saving your money?
B: I'm saving my money because I want to travel to Brazil.
A: My dad got a new job, so my family moved.
3语法 Grammar · because 与 so 连接因果 Because and So
| 关系 | 结构 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 原因 | 主句 + because + 原因从句 | My family moved because my dad got a new job. |
| 原因(句首) | Because + 原因从句, + 主句 | Because my dad got a new job, my family moved. |
| 结果 | 主句 + so + 结果从句 | My dad got a new job, so my family moved. |
because 表示"原因"，so 表示"结果"，两者都连接两个有逻辑关系的句子，不要在同一句里同时用 because 和 so。
12A · What's Playing? 正在上映什么？
★学习目标 Goals
- Describe types of movies 描述电影类型
- Talk about and make future plans 谈论并制定未来计划
1关键单词 Vocabulary
- action movie 动作片
- classic movie 经典电影
- documentary 纪录片
- drama 剧情片
- horror movie 恐怖片
- romantic comedy 浪漫喜剧
- science fiction 科幻片
- animated movie 动画电影
- biopic 传记片
- blockbuster 大片
- sequel 续集
- comedy 喜剧
2关键句子 Sentences
Isabel: Hello? Marc? Hi, it's Isabel. Listen—change of plans. We're meeting at the movie theater tonight at 8:00.
Marc: Sorry, I didn't catch that. Can you say that again?
Isabel: We're meeting at the theater at 8:00, not 7:00.
3语法 Grammar · 现在进行时表将来 Present Continuous as Future
| 结构 | 将来时间 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| Subject + am/is/are + -ing | tonight / tomorrow | We're meeting at the theater at 8:00. |
| Subject + am/is/are + -ing | this weekend / next year | They're releasing the sequel next year. |
| Subject + am/is/are + -ing | later today / in an hour | I'm seeing a movie later today. |
用现在进行时（be + 动词-ing）加将来时间状语，表达已经安排好的将来计划/约定。
12B · Movie Reviews 影评
★学习目标 Goals
- Give an opinion of a movie 表达对电影的看法
- Review a movie 评论一部电影
1关键单词 Vocabulary
- boring 无聊的
- entertaining 有趣的
- exciting 令人兴奋的
- funny 好笑的
- original 新颖的
- scary 吓人的
- surprising 令人惊讶的
- violent 暴力的
- character 角色
- come out 上映
- open 首映
- review 评论
2关键句子 Sentences
A: What do you think of the movie?
B: I thought it was great! But the ending was surprising.
A: I also saw it, and I liked it because the story was interesting.
3语法 Grammar · -ed 与 -ing 形容词 -ed and -ing Adjectives
| 类型 | 用法 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| -ed 形容词 | 修饰"人"，表示人的感受 | I'm bored. / I was surprised by the ending. |
| -ing 形容词 | 修饰"人/事物/经历"，表示令人…的 | This movie is boring. / The end was surprising. |
-ed 形容"我感受到…"，-ing 形容"某物令人…"；如 bored（感到无聊）vs boring（令人无聊）。
该课程尚未整理，等你确认前 4 课（1A–2B）的格式后再补充。